FS Enterprise PTP Switches Product Portfolio

27-02-2026 - FS Enterprise PTP Switches Product Portfolio Overview Precision Time Protocol (PTP) is specified in IEEE 1588 as a standard for Precision Clock Synchronization for Networked Measurements and Control Systems. It was developed to synchronize clocks in packet-based networks, encompassing distributed device clocks with varying precision and stability. FS enterprise PTP (Precision Time Protocol) switches are built to achieve sub-microsecond or even nanosecond levels of accuracy, meeting network requirements such as telecommunications, finance, and industrial automation of highly accurate time synchronization. 1/2.5G Enterprise PTP Switches 24 Port Switch S5800-24T8S 24-Port Gigabit Ethernet L3 Switch image.png PTP Clock Types: Transparent Clock (TC) Mode Boundary Clock (BC) Mode Ordinary Clock (OC) Mode Hardware Specifications 208Gbps switching capacity 155Mpps forwarding rate 24x Gigabit RJ45 ports and 8x 1/10G SFP+ uplinks 1+1 redundant hot-swappable power supplies 2 built-in fans Feature highlights Support MLAG to Enhance Reliability and Uninterrupted Services Support DHCP Server, L2 Multicast Functions to Avoid Data Redundancy Support VXLAN, QoS, BGP, VRRP, DHCP, etc. Support IPv4/IPv6 Dual-stack for Future Network Expansion Support 802.1X, RADIUS, TACACS+, AAA, ACL, and QoS for Security S5440L-24P 24-Port Gigabit Ethernet L3 PoE+ Switch image.png PTP Clock Types: (MA License Required) Transparent Clock (TC) Mode Boundary Clock (BC) Mode Ordinary Clock (OC) Mode Hardware Specifications 348Gbps switching capacity 517.82Mpps forwarding rate 24x Gigabit RJ45 ports and 6x 10G/25G SFP28 uplinks 2 built-in power supplies 3 built-in fans Feature highlights Support MLAG to Enhance Reliability and Uninterrupted Services Support VXLAN, BGP, OSPF, VRF, LACP, etc. Support MACsec, SSH, ACL, 802.1X, RADIUS, and TACACS+ for Security Support IPv4/IPv6 Dual-stack for Future Network Expansion Support DHCP Server, L2 Multicast Functions to Avoid Data Redundancy 32 Port Switch S5850-16T16BS2Q 16-Port Gigabit Ethernet L3 Switch image.png PTP Clock Types: Transparent Clock (TC) Mode Boundary Clock (BC) Mode Ordinary Clock (OC) Mode Hardware Specifications 752Gbps switching capacity 540Mpps forwarding rate 16x Gigabit RJ45 ports, 8x 10G SFP+, 8x 25G SFP28 and 2x 40G QSFP+ uplinks 1+1 redundant hot-swappable power supplies 2+1 redundant built-in fans Feature highlights Support MLAG to Enhance Reliability and Uninterrupted Services Support DHCP Server, L2 Multicast Functions to Avoid Data Redundancy Support VXLAN, QoS, BGP, ACL, VRRP, DHCP, etc. Support IPv4/IPv6 Dual-stack for Future Network Expansion Support 802.1X, RADIUS, TACACS+, AAA, ACL, and QoS for Security 48 Port Switch S5800-48T4S 48-Port Gigabit Ethernet L3 Switch image.png PTP Clock Types: (MA License Required) Transparent Clock (TC) Mode Boundary Clock (BC) Mode Ordinary Clock (OC) Mode Hardware Specifications 176Gbps switching capacity 132Mpps forwarding rate 48x Gigabit RJ45 ports and 4x 1/10G SFP+ uplinks 1+1 redundant hot-swappable power supplies 2+1 redundant built-in fans Feature highlights Dual-stack Support High-speed Switching for Ease of IPv4-to-IPv6 Migration Support MLAG (Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation) for Uninterrupted Services Support VXLAN and NVGRE for Knowledge Sharing and Community-based Problem-Solving Support MPLS, DHCP Server, L2 Multicast Functions to Avoid Data Redundancy Enable RDMA over Converged Ethernet Lossless (with PFC and ECN) S5800-48T4S-PE 48-Port Gigabit Ethernet L3 Switch image.png PTP Clock Types: (MA License Required) Transparent Clock (TC) Mode Boundary Clock (BC) Mode Ordinary Clock (OC) Mode Hardware Specifications 176Gbps switching capacity 132Mpps forwarding rate 48x Gigabit RJ45 ports and 4x 1/10G SFP+ uplinks 1+1 redundant hot-swappable power supplies 2+1 redundant built-in fans Back-to-front airflow Feature highlights Dual-stack Support High-speed Switching for Ease of IPv4-to-IPv6 Migration Support MLAG (Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation) for Uninterrupted Services Support VXLAN and NVGRE for Knowledge Sharing and Community-based Problem-Solving Support MPLS, DHCP Server, L2 Multicast Functions to Avoid Data Redundancy Enable RDMA over Converged Ethernet Lossless (with PFC and ECN) S5800-48T4S-DC 48-Port Gigabit Ethernet L3 Switch image.png PTP Clock Types: (MA License Required) Transparent Clock (TC) Mode Boundary Clock (BC) Mode Ordinary Clock (OC) Mode Hardware Specifications 176Gbps switching capacity 132Mpps forwarding rate 48x Gigabit RJ45 ports and 4x 1/10G SFP+ uplinks 1+1 redundant hot-swappable power supplies 2+1 redundant built-in fans Feature highlights Dual-stack Support High-speed Switching for Ease of IPv4-to-IPv6 Migration Support MLAG (Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation) for Uninterrupted Services Support VXLAN and NVGRE for Knowledge Sharing and Community-based Problem-Solving Support MPLS, DHCP Server, L2 Multicast Functions to Avoid Data Redundancy Enable RDMA over Converged Ethernet Lossless (with PFC and ECN) S5800-48F4SR 48-Port Gigabit Ethernet L3 Switch page_4_img_11_a0aed752.jpeg PTP Clock Types: Transparent Clock (TC) Mode Boundary Clock (BC) Mode Ordinary Clock (OC) Mode Hardware Specifications 176Gbps switching capacity 132Mpps forwarding rate 48x 1G SFP and 4x 1/10G SFP+ uplinks 1+1 redundant hot-swappable power supplies 3 redundant built-in fans Feature highlights Dual-stack Support High-speed Switching for Ease of IPv4-to-IPv6 Migration Support MLAG (Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation) for Uninterrupted Services Support VXLAN and NVGRE for Knowledge Sharing and Community-based Problem-Solving Support MPLS, DHCP Server, L2 Multicast Functions to Avoid Data Redundancy Enable RDMA over Converged Ethernet Lossless (with PFC and ECN) S5800-48F4SR-DC 48-Port Gigabit Ethernet L3 Switch page_5_img_8_69f8276e.jpeg PTP Clock Types: Transparent Clock (TC) Mode Boundary Clock (BC) Mode Ordinary Clock (OC) Mode Hardware Specifications 176Gbps switching capacity 132Mpps forwarding rate 48x 1G SFP and 4x 1/10G SFP+ uplinks 1+1 DC redundant hot-swappable power supplies 3 redundant built-in fans Feature highlights Dual-stack Support High-speed Switching for Ease of IPv4-to-IPv6 Migration Support MLAG (Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation) for Uninterrupted Services Support VXLAN and NVGRE for Knowledge Sharing and Community-based Problem-Solving Support MPLS, DHCP Server, L2 Multicast Functions to Avoid Data Redundancy Enable RDMA over Converged Ethernet Lossless (with PFC and ECN) S5800-48MBQ 48-Port Ethernet L3 Switch image.png PTP Clock Types: (PTP support is enabled by default starting from version 3.X.) Transparent Clock (TC) Mode Boundary Clock (BC) Mode Ordinary Clock (OC) Mode Hardware Specifications 600Gbps switching capacity 445.76Mpps forwarding rate 48x 2.5G RJ45 ports, 4x 25Gb SFP28 and 2x 40Gb QSFP+ uplinks 1+1 redundant hot-swappable power supplies 3+1 redundant Hot-swappable fans Feature highlights Support IGMP Snooping, Querier, Multicast, QoS & PTP TC for AV Application Support MLAG (Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation) for Uninterrupted Services Support VXLAN, OSPF, BGP, RIP, PBR, VRRP, VLAN, etc. Support MACsec, SSH, ACL, AAA, 802.1X, RADIUS, for Security Support sFlow (Sampled Flow) for Network Monitoring S5440L-48P 48-Port Gigabit Ethernet L3 PoE+ Switch image.png PTP Clock Types: (MA License Required) Transparent Clock (TC) Mode Boundary Clock (BC) Mode Ordinary Clock (OC) Mode Hardware Specifications 396Gbps switching capacity 294.62Mpps forwarding rate 48x PoE+ ports and 6x 10/25G SFP28 uplinks 2 built-in power supplies 3 built-in fans Feature highlights Support MLAG to Enhance Reliability and Uninterrupted Services Support DHCP Server, L2 Multicast Functions to Avoid Data Redundancy Support VXLAN, QoS, BGP, ACL, VRRP, DHCP, etc. Support IPv4/IPv6 Dual-stack for Future Network Expansion Support 802.1X, RADIUS, TACACS+, AAA, ACL, and QoS for Security S5440L-48M 48-Port Ethernet L3 Switch image.png PTP Clock Types: Transparent Clock (TC) Mode Boundary Clock (BC) Mode Ordinary Clock (OC) Mode Hardware Specifications 600Gbps switching capacity 445.76Mpps forwarding rate 48x 2.5G RJ45 ports, 4x 25G SFP28 and 2x 40G QSFP+ uplinks 1 built-in power supplies 3+1 redundant Hot-swappable fans Feature highlights Support MLAG to Enhance Reliability and Uninterrupted Services Support EVPN-VXLAN, PTP, BGP, MPLS, OSPF, VRF, LACP, etc. Support MACsec, SSH, ACL, 802.1X, RADIUS, and TACACS+ for Security 10G Enterprise PTP Switches 24 Port Switch S5850C-12XMS2C 12-Port Ethernet L3 Half-width Switch image.png PTP Clock Types: Transparent Clock (TC) Mode Boundary Clock (BC) Mode Ordinary Clock (OC) Mode Hardware Specifications 880Gbps switching capacity 654.72Mpps forwarding rate 12x 1/10G SFP+, 12x 10G RJ45 ports and 2x 40/100G QSFP28 uplinks 1 hot-swappable power supply 2 built-in fans Feature highlights Support MLAG to enhance reliability and uninterrupted services Support IGMP Snooping, Querier, Multicast, QoS & PTP TC for AV Application Support VXLAN, OSPF, BGP, RIP, PBR, VRRP, VLAN, etc. Support MACsec, SSH, ACL, AAA, 802.1X, RADIUS, for Security Support sFlow (Sampled Flow) for Network Monitoring S5850-24XMG-U 24-Port Ethernet L3 PoE++ Switch image.png PTP Clock Types: (PTP support is enabled by default starting from version 3.X.) Transparent Clock (TC) Mode Boundary Clock (BC) Mode Ordinary Clock (OC) Mode Hardware Specifications 880Gbps switching capacity 654Mpps forwarding rate 24x 10G PoE++ and 2x 100G QSFP28 uplinks 1+1 redundant hot-swappable power supplies 2+2 redundant hot-swappable fans Feature highlights Support MLAG (Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation) for Uninterrupted Services Support DHCP Server, L2 Multicast Functions to Avoid Data Redundancy Support VXLAN, QoS, BGP, VRRP, DHCP, etc. Support 802.1X, RADIUS, TACACS+, AAA, ACL, and QoS for Security Support sFlow (Sampled Flow) for Network Monitoring S5850-24XMG 24-Port Ethernet L3 Switch image.png PTP Clock Types: (PTP support is enabled by default starting from version 3.X.) Transparent Clock (TC) Mode Boundary Clock (BC) Mode Ordinary Clock (OC) Mode Hardware Specifications 880Gbps switching capacity 654Mpps forwarding rate 24x 10G RJ45 ports and 2x 100G QSFP28 uplinks 1+1 redundant hot-swappable power supplies 2+2 redundant built-in fans Feature highlights Support MLAG (Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation) for Uninterrupted Services Support DHCP Server, L2 Multicast Functions to Avoid Data Redundancy Support VXLAN, QoS, BGP, VRRP, DHCP, etc. Support IPv4/IPv6 Dual-stack for Future Network Expansion Support 802.1X, RADIUS, TACACS+, AAA, ACL, and QoS for Security S5850C-24S2C 24-Port Ethernet L3 Half-width Switch image.png PTP Clock Types: Transparent Clock (TC) Mode Boundary Clock (BC) Mode Ordinary Clock (OC) Mode Hardware Specifications 880Gbps switching capacity 654.72Mpps forwarding rate 24x 1/10G SFP+ ports and 2x 40/100G uplinks 1 hot-swappable power supply 2 built-in fans Feature highlights Support MLAG to enhance reliability and uninterrupted services Support IGMP Snooping, Querier, Multicast, QoS & PTP TC for AV Application Support VXLAN, OSPF, BGP, RIP, PBR, VRRP, VLAN, etc. Support MACsec, SSH, ACL, AAA, 802.1X, RADIUS, for Security Support sFlow (Sampled Flow) for Network Monitoring S5850C-24XMG2C 24-Port Ethernet L3 Half-width Switch image.png PTP Clock Types: Transparent Clock (TC) Mode Boundary Clock (BC) Mode Ordinary Clock (OC) Mode Hardware Specifications 880Gbps switching capacity 654.72Mpps forwarding rate 24x 10G RJ45 ports and 2x 40/100G uplinks 1 hot-swappable power supply 2 built-in fans Feature highlights Support MLAG to enhance reliability and uninterrupted services Support IGMP Snooping, Querier, Multicast, QoS & PTP TC for AV Application Support VXLAN, OSPF, BGP, RIP, PBR, VRRP, VLAN, etc. Support MACsec, SSH, ACL, AAA, 802.1X, RADIUS, for Security Support sFlow (Sampled Flow) for Network Monitoring S5850-24S2C 24-Port Ethernet L3 Switch page_6_img_10_cba2fc6d.jpeg PTP Clock Types: Transparent Clock (TC) Mode Boundary Clock (BC) Mode Ordinary Clock (OC) Mode Hardware Specifications 880Gbps switching capacity 540Mpps forwarding rate 24x 1/10G SFP+ and 2x 40/100G QSFP28 uplinks 1+1 redundant hot-swappable power supplies 2+1 redundant built-in fans Feature highlights Support MLAG (Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation) for Uninterrupted Services Support MPLS, DHCP Server, L2 Multicast Functions to Avoid Data Redundancy Support VXLAN, QoS, BGP, ACL, VRRP, DHCP, etc. Support IPv4/IPv6 Dual-stack for Future Network Expansion Support 802.1X, RADIUS, TACACS+, AAA, ACL, and QoS for Security S5850-24S2C-DC 24-Port Ethernet L3 Switch page_7_img_8_12291945.jpeg PTP Clock Types: Transparent Clock (TC) Mode Boundary Clock (BC) Mode Ordinary Clock (OC) Mode Hardware Specifications 880Gbps switching capacity 540Mpps forwarding rate 24x 1/10G SFP+ and 2x 40/100G QSFP28 uplinks 1+1 DC redundant hot-swappable power supplies 2+1 redundant built-in fans Back-to-front airflow Feature highlights Support MLAG (Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation) for Uninterrupted Services Support MPLS, DHCP Server, L2 Multicast Functions to Avoid Data Redundancy Support VXLAN, QoS, BGP, ACL, VRRP, DHCP, etc. Support IPv4/IPv6 Dual-stack for Future Network Expansion Support 802.1X, RADIUS, TACACS+, AAA, ACL, and QoS for Security 48 Port Switch S5850-48XMG8C 48-Port Ethernet L3 Switch image.png PTP Clock Types: Transparent Clock (TC) Mode Boundary Clock (BC) Mode Ordinary Clock (OC) Mode Hardware Specifications 2.56Tbps switching capacity 1904Mpps forwarding rate 48x 10G RJ45 ports and 8x 40/100G QSFP28 uplinks 1+1 redundant hot-swappable power supplies 4 redundant hot-swappable fans Feature highlights Support MLAG (Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation) for Uninterrupted Services Support EVPN-VXLAN, BGP, OSPF, VRRP, etc. PTP TC, BC, and OC Modes for Precise Time Synchronization MACsec Provides Point-to-Point Security on Ethernet Links Support sFlow (Sampled Flow) for Network Monitoring S5850-48S8C 48-Port Ethernet L3 Switch page_8_img_9_5ac6edd2.jpeg PTP Clock Types: Transparent Clock (TC) Mode Boundary Clock (BC) Mode Ordinary Clock (OC) Mode Hardware Specifications 2.56Tbps switching capacity 1905Mpps forwarding rate 48x 1/10G SFP+ and 8x 40/100G QSFP28 uplinks 1+1 redundant hot-swappable power supplies 2+2 redundant hot-swappable fans Feature highlights Support MLAG (Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation) for Networking Reliability Support VXLAN and NVGRE for Knowledge Sharing and Community-based Problem Solving Support G.8031, G.8032, Ethernet OAM, MPLS, VPLS, VPWS, L3VPN Support PFC, RoCE, IPFix, Latency Monitor and EFD for Easier Analysis Support OSPF/OSPFv3, BGP4/BGP4+, ISIS, BFD S5850-48S8C-PE 48-Port Ethernet L3 Switch image.png PTP Clock Types: Transparent Clock (TC) Mode Boundary Clock (BC) Mode Ordinary Clock (OC) Mode Hardware Specifications 2.56Tbps switching capacity 1905Mpps forwarding rate 48x 1/10G SFP+ and 8x 40/100G QSFP28 uplinks 1+1 redundant hot-swappable power supplies 2+2 redundant hot-swappable fans Back-to-front airflow Feature highlights Support MLAG (Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation) for Networking Reliability Support VXLAN and NVGRE for Knowledge Sharing and Community-based Problem Solving Support G.8031, G.8032, Ethernet OAM, MPLS, VPLS, VPWS, L3VPN Support PFC, RoCE, IPFix, Latency Monitor and EFD for Easier Analysis Support OSPF/OSPFv3, BGP4/BGP4+, ISIS, BFD S5850-48S8C-DC 48-Port Ethernet L3 Switch image.png PTP Clock Types: Transparent Clock (TC) Mode Boundary Clock (BC) Mode Ordinary Clock (OC) Mode Hardware Specifications 2.56Tbps switching capacity 1905Mpps forwarding rate 48x 1/10G SFP+ and 8x 40/100G QSFP28 uplinks 1+1 redundant hot-swappable power supplies 2+2 redundant hot-swappable fans Feature highlights Support MLAG (Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation) for Networking Reliability Support VXLAN and NVGRE for Knowledge Sharing and Community-based Problem Solving Support G.8031, G.8032, Ethernet OAM, MPLS, VPLS, VPWS, L3VPN Support PFC, RoCE, IPFix, Latency Monitor and EFD for Easier Analysis Support OSPF/OSPFv3, BGP4/BGP4+, ISIS, BFD S5850-48S6Q-R 48-Port Ethernet L3 Switch page_9_img_15_949a51d1.jpeg PTP Clock Types: (MA License Required) Transparent Clock (TC) Mode Boundary Clock (BC) Mode Ordinary Clock (OC) Mode Hardware Specifications 1.44Tbps switching capacity 1071.4 Mpps forwarding rate 48x 1/10G SFP+ and 6x 40G QSFP+ uplinks 1+1 redundant hot-swappable power supplies 3+1 redundant hot-swappable fans Feature highlights Support MLAG (Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation) for Uninterrupted and Redundant Services Support MPLS to Establish Point-to-point Connections (License Required) Support Data Center Features (PFC, ECN, etc.) to Build a Lossless and Low-latency Network Support BGP, OSPF, VRF, and IPv6 to Future Proof Enterprise Network Infrastructure Support 802.1X, RADIUS, TACACS+, AAA, ACL, and QoS for Security S5850-48S6Q-R-PE 48-Port Ethernet L3 Switch page_10_img_9_321e8856.jpeg PTP Clock Types: (MA License Required) Transparent Clock (TC) Mode Boundary Clock (BC) Mode Ordinary Clock (OC) Mode Hardware Specifications 1.44Tbps switching capacity 1071.4Mpps forwarding rate 48x 10G SFP+ and 6x 40G QSFP+ uplinks 1+1 redundant hot-swappable power supplies 3+1 redundant hot-swappable fans Back-to-front airflow Feature highlights Support MLAG (Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation) for Uninterrupted and Redundant Services Support MPLS to Establish Point-to-point Connections (License Required) Support Data Center Features (PFC, ECN, etc.) to Build a Lossless and Low-latency Network Support BGP, OSPF, VRF, and IPv6 to Future Proof Enterprise Network Infrastructure Support 802.1X, RADIUS, TACACS+, AAA, ACL, and QoS for Security 25G Enterprise PTP Switches 24 Port Switch S5850-24B4C 24-Port Ethernet L3 Switch page_11_img_10_cce8b345.jpeg PTP Clock Types: Transparent Clock (TC) Mode Boundary Clock (BC) Mode Ordinary Clock (OC) Mode Hardware Specifications 2Tbps switching capacity 1488Mpps forwarding rate 24x 25Gb SFP28 and 4x 40/100Gb QSFP28 uplinks 1+1 redundant hot-swappable power supplies 2+2 redundant hot-swappable fans Feature highlights Support MLAG (Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation) for Networking Reliability Support G.8031, G.8032, Ethernet OAM, MPLS, VPLS, VPWS, L3VPN Support OSPF/OSPFv3, BGP4/BGP4+, ISIS, BFD Support VXLAN and NVGRE for Knowledge Sharing and Community-based Problem Solving Support PFC, RoCE, IPFix, Latency Monitor and EFD for Easier Analysis 48 Port Switch S5850-48B8C 48-Port Ethernet L3 Switch page_12_img_9_36da3e00.jpeg PTP Clock Types: Transparent Clock (TC) Mode Boundary Clock (BC) Mode Ordinary Clock (OC) Mode Hardware Specifications 4Tbps switching capacity 2976Mpps forwarding rate 48x 10/25Gb SFP28 and 8x 40/100Gb QSFP28 uplinks 1+1 redundant hot-swappable power supplies 2+2 redundant hot-swappable fans Feature highlights Support MLAG (Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation) for Uninterrupted Services Support G.8031, G.8032, Ethernet OAM, MPLS, VPLS, VPWS, L3VPN Support OSPF/OSPFv3, BGP4/BGP4+, ISIS, BFD Support VXLAN and NVGRE for Knowledge Sharing and Community-based Problem Solving Support PFC, RoCE, IPFix, Latency Monitor and EFD for Easier Analysis S5850-48B8C-PE 48-Port Ethernet L3 Switch page_8_img_16_e7cf6128.jpeg PTP Clock Types: Transparent Clock (TC) Mode Boundary Clock (BC) Mode Ordinary Clock (OC) Mode Hardware Specifications 4Tbps switching capacity 2976Mpps forwarding rate 48x 10G/25G SFP28 and 8x 40G/100G QSFP28 uplinks 1+1 redundant hot-swappable power supplies 2+2 redundant hot-swappable fans Back-to-front airflow Feature highlights Support MLAG (Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation) for Uninterrupted Services Support G.8031, G.8032, Ethernet OAM, MPLS, VPLS, VPWS, L3VPN Support OSPF/OSPFv3, BGP4/BGP4+, ISIS, BFD Support VXLAN and NVGRE for Knowledge Sharing and Community-based Problem Solving Support PFC, RoCE, IPFix, Latency Monitor and EFD for Easier Analysis 40/100G Enterprise PTP Switches 8 Port Switch S8550-6Q2C 8-Port Ethernet L3 Half-Width Switch image.png PTP Clock Types: (PTP support is enabled by default starting from version 3.X.) Transparent Clock (TC) Mode Boundary Clock (BC) Mode Ordinary Clock (OC) Mode Hardware Specifications 880Gbps switching capacity 654.72Mpps forwarding rate 6x 40G QSFP+ and 2x 100G QSFP28 uplinks 1 hot-swappable power supply 2 redundant hot-swappable fans Feature highlights Support MLAG (Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation) for Uninterrupted Services Support MPLS, VXLAN-EVPN, OSPF, VRRP for Advanced Networking Support PFC, ECN, Data Center TCP to Build Lossless and Low-latency Network Support IPv4/IPv6 Dual-stack for Future Network Expansion Support 802.1X, RADIUS, TACACS+, AAA, ACL, and QoS for Security 16 Port Switch S8550-16Q8C 16-Port Ethernet L3 Switch image.png PTP Clock Types: (PTP support is enabled by default starting from version 3.X.) Transparent Clock (TC) Mode Boundary Clock (BC) Mode Ordinary Clock (OC) Mode Hardware Specifications 2.88Tbps switching capacity 2142.72Mpps forwarding rate 16x 40G QSFP+ and 8x 100G QSFP28 1+1 redundant hot-swappable power supplies 3+1 redundant hot-swappable fans Feature highlights Support MPLS, DHCP Server, L2 Multicast Functions to Avoid Data Redundancy Support MLAG, VARP, Smart-Link, and VRRP for enhanced networking reliability Support EVPN-VXLAN for Efficient, Flexible, and Scalable Network Support PFC, ECN for Lossless and Low-latency Data Center Networking Support 802.1X, RADIUS, TACACS+, AAA, ACL for Security 32 Port Switch S8550-32C 32-Port Ethernet L3 Switch page_13_img_12_67515d0d.jpeg PTP Clock Types: Transparent Clock (TC) Mode Boundary Clock (BC) Mode Ordinary Clock (OC) Mode Hardware Specifications 6.4Tbps switching capacity 3571Mpps forwarding rate 32x 100G QSFP28 1+1 redundant hot-swappable power supplies 3+1 redundant hot-swappable fans Feature highlights Support MLAG (Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation) for Networking Reliability Support G.8031, G.8032, Ethernet OAM, MPLS, VPLS, VPWS, L3VPN Support OSPF/OSPFv3, BGP4/BGP4+, ISIS, BFD Support IPv4/IPv6 Dual-stack and Tunnel for Future Network Expansion Support PFC, RoCE, IPFix, Latency Monitor, and EFD for Easier Analysis S8550-32C-PE 32-Port Ethernet L3 Switch page_13_img_18_3855797e.jpeg PTP Clock Types: Transparent Clock (TC) Mode Boundary Clock (BC) Mode Ordinary Clock (OC) Mode Hardware Specifications 6.4Tbps switching capacity 3571Mpps forwarding rate 32x 100G QSFP28 1+1 redundant hot-swappable power supplies 3+1 redundant hot-swappable fans Back-to-front airflow Feature highlights Support MLAG (Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation) for Networking Reliability Support G.8031, G.8032, Ethernet OAM, MPLS, VPLS, VPWS, L3VPN Support OSPF/OSPFv3, BGP4/BGP4+, ISIS, BFD Support IPv4/IPv6 Dual-stack and Tunnel for Future Network Expansion Support PFC, RoCE, IPFix, Latency Monitor and EFD for Easier Analysis

RADIUS Protocol Spoofing Vulnerability Mitigation (CVE-2024-3596)

30-01-2026 - RADIUS Protocol Spoofing Vulnerability Mitigation (CVE-2024-3596) Introduction On July 9, 2024, security researchers disclosed the following high-severity vulnerability in the RADIUS protocol: CVE-2024-3596, also known as the Blast-RADIUS vulnerability. This vulnerability allows attackers to spoof RADIUS response packets through man-in-the-middle attacks, modifying any valid authentication response (such as "Access-Accept", "Access-Reject", or "Access-Challenge") into arbitrary responses, thereby bypassing the authentication mechanism and gaining network access. Vulnerability Overview Vulnerability Name RADIUS Protocol Spoofing Vulnerability CVE Number CVE-2024-3596 Vulnerability Type Forgery, MITM Discovery Time 2024-07-09 Attack Vector Network Vulnerability Level High Severity The RADIUS protocol is used to transmit user authentication, authorization, and accounting information between a network access server (NAS) and an Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting (AAA) server. It verifies the user's identity through communication between the client and the server and determines whether the user has the right to access network resources. There is a vulnerability in the RADIUS protocol that allows attackers to forge responses when the Message-Authenticator attribute is not enforced. This issue is due to the use of MD5 for cryptographic integrity checks, enabling attackers to forge UDP-based RADIUS response packets. This may lead to unauthorized access by modifying an Access-Reject response to an Access-Accept response, thereby compromising the security of the process. Scope of Impact The impact of this vulnerability depends on the mix of RADIUS client, RADIUS server, and transport protocol. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability can lead to privilege escalation and identity impersonation on the affected system. Potentially Affected: Systems that use the RADIUS network authentication protocol without enabling the Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) authentication method RADIUS servers that have not globally enforced Message-Authenticator validation on received requests The transmission message does not carry the Message-Authenticator field Unaffected: EAP-based 802.1X Authentication Protected over TLS Require Message-Authenticator attribute from every server-client response Safety Measures Measure 1: Emergency Mitigation This is the fastest and most important protection measure, with the focus on protecting the RADIUS communication channel. 1. Implement network isolation and access control: Strictly limit the IP addresses of network devices (switches) that can communicate with the RADIUS server. On the firewall or switch ACL, only RADIUS port communication between switches within the specified network management VLAN and the RADIUS server is allowed, and all other sources of access are denied. 2. Encrypted Transmission Channel: Establish IPsec VPN tunnels between all switches and the RADIUS server. This will effectively prevent man-in-the-middle attacks, as all traffic is encrypted and authenticated. If supported by the RADIUS server and client, use RADIUS over TLS (RadSec), which uses TCP and TLS encryption. Measure 2: Strengthen Monitoring and Detection 1. Network Behavior Anomaly Monitoring: Deploy a Network Detection and Response (NDR) system to monitor whether any device attempts authentication during non-working hours or from an abnormal location. 2. Log Audit: Centralized collection and analysis of logs from switches and security devices, focusing on whether authentication success events are consistent with RADIUS server logs, and whether there are abnormal patterns of sudden success after a large number of authentication failures. Solutions Note: To effectively mitigate this attack, we recommend implementing the following security measures. All measures except item 3 can be deployed immediately within your current environment. 1. Upgrade RADIUS Server: Immediately upgrade your RADIUS server (such as FreeRADIUS) to a patched version. 2. Mandatory Message-Authenticator Attribute: On the patched RADIUS server, configure the Message-Authenticator attribute to be used for all types of RADIUS requests. This attribute uses the more secure HMAC-MD5 mechanism, which can effectively defend against such attacks. Verification Principle: The RADIUS request sent by the client to the verification server must include the Message-Authenticator attribute. If this attribute is not included, the verification server will silently discard the request. If this attribute is included, the transaction will be verified, and the Message-Authenticator attribute will be sent in the RADIUS response. image.png 3. Check and update the switch firmware : Note: FS will enhance the security of all switch devices to avoid the risk of Radius vulnerabilities. Users can obtain the latest firmware version (the security-enhanced version will be provided upon release) on the front end of the corresponding product. Use the new version of the switch firmware update to include the Message-Authenticator field, enhancing the security of its RADIUS client and providing better compatibility. The following is a packet capture example of an Access-Request that includes the Message-Authenticator attribute: 589e0d17-aa54-41ee-8083-2d7efa67048b.jpg 4. TLS/DTLS encryption protects the communication between the RADIUS client and server: TLS (Transport Layer Security Protocol): It is an encrypted Communication Protocol based on TCP. Its core principle is to establish a reliable connection through a three-way handshake, complete identity authentication and key negotiation based on digital certificates during the handshake phase, and generate a unique session key. Subsequently, all application layer data (such as RADIUS data packets) will be encapsulated by the TLS record protocol, encrypted using strong encryption algorithms such as AES, and guaranteed data integrity through modern hashing algorithms such as HMAC-SHA256. The advantage of TLS is its high reliability, built-in retransmission mechanism to ensure that data is not lost, and it is suitable for enterprise network environments with high stability requirements. Note: TLS handshake requires multiple round trips and may introduce a delay of several tens of milliseconds. image.png DTLS (Datagram Transport Layer Security Protocol): It is the UDP version of TLS, designed specifically for connectionless and latency-sensitive scenarios. Its principle is similar to TLS, providing encryption, authentication, and integrity protection, but optimized for the characteristics of UDP: using sequence numbers and replay window mechanisms to prevent data packet replay attacks, supporting data packet loss and out-of-order processing, and simplifying the handshake process to reduce latency. DTLS retains the security features of TLS while adapting to the original UDP transmission method of the RADIUS protocol, suitable for wireless networks, high latency, or environments that require traversing NAT. 5. Network Isolation and Secure VPN Tunnel Communication: Where possible, network isolation and secure VPN tunnel communication should be enforced for the RADIUS protocol to restrict access to these network resources from untrusted sources.

S5850 and S8050 and S8550 Series Switches Configuration Guide

22-01-2026 - For details, please click the attachment icon below to view or download for a good reading experience or resources.

AVoIP Configuration Guide v1.0

22-12-2025 - AVoIP Configuration Guide v1.0 Abstract With the increasing demands for bandwidth and latency in HD video and audio transmission, traditional dedicated audiovisual networks can no longer meet modern large-scale transmission requirements. IP-based audiovisual transmission, particularly using standard Ethernet devices, offers a more flexible, scalable, and cost-effective solution. In this context, protocols like Dante and ST-2110 have emerged as natural adaptations, effectively leveraging existing IP infrastructure through their Ethernet-based transmission approach. This document provides technical configuration guidance for two commonly used AV over IP protocols, Dante and ST-2110, especially regarding network switch configuration, and how to ensure the smooth operation of these protocols in the network. Dante network configuration Objective: To achieve efficient, low-latency, and high-reliability audio transmission in a standard IP network through the Dante protocol. The Dante features high precision synchronization and extremely low latency, which can support complex audio network applications. Key requirements: 1. Standard IP (TCP/IP) Communication: Dante is based on TCP/IP and is compatible with standard Ethernet devices. In addition, Dante is compatible with the AVB (Audio Video Bridge) protocol to provide better network performance on switches with AVB capability. 2. Supports unicast and multicast data streams: Dante supports two data flow transmission modes: unicast (point-to-point) and multicast (point-to-many). Single broadcast mode is suitable for point-to-point transmission, while multicast mode is suitable for broadcast transmission between multiple devices. 3. Low latency and strict synchronization: Dante's latency is typically less than 15 microseconds in a 10G network, ensuring efficient audio data transmission. It also uses the IEEE 1588 Precision Time Protocol (PTP) to achieve strict synchronization between devices. 4. Extensive industry support: Dante has become one of the most widely used network protocols in the audio industry, supporting a large number of audio devices such as speakers, microphones, audio processors, etc., providing stable audio data transmission. Dante switch configuration The Dante protocol requires switches to have basic network transmission capabilities and implement priority control for audio streams. When configuring a switch, in addition to completing basic network configurations, QoS must be configured to ensure high priority for Dante data streams. Configuration steps: 1. Configure IGMP： ip igmp snooping global source-address 192.168.1.1 no ip igmp snooping report-suppression ip igmp snooping discard-unknown ip igmp snooping vlan 1 fast-leave ip igmp snooping vlan 1 querier ip igmp snooping vlan 1 querier address 192.168.1.1 ip igmp snooping vlan 1 report-suppression 2. Configure DHCP 3. Set the queue model: First, the switch is configured to support a multi-queue QoS model. Eight queues are configured on the switch to distinguish data flows by priority: Switch(config)# qos queue-model 8-queue Note: This configuration takes effect after the switch is rebooted, so you need to reboot the switch. 4. Define and configure the class map: Configure different priority data flow categories. According to the Dante protocol, the DSCP value (Differentiated Services Code Point) is used to distinguish different types of traffic. We set class mapping according to Dante's flow classification. The specific steps are as follows: Switch(config)# class-map type qos TC7 Switch(config-cmap-qos)# match dscp cs7 Switch(config-cmap-qos)# exit Switch(config)# class-map type qos TC6 Switch(config-cmap-qos)# match dscp ef Switch(config-cmap-qos)# exit Switch(config)# class-map type qos TC5 Switch(config-cmap-qos)# match dscp cs1 Switch(config-cmap-qos)# exit 5. Configuration policy mapping (Policy Map): The different stream categories are mapped to different traffic queues to ensure that important data (such as audio streams) is prioritized: Switch(config)# policy-map type qos dante_policy Switch(config-pmap-qos)# class type qos TC7 Switch(config-pmap-qos-c)# set traffic-class 7 Switch(config-pmap-qos-c)# exit Switch(config-pmap-qos)# class type qos TC6 Switch(config-pmap-qos-c)# set traffic-class 6 Switch(config-pmap-qos-c)# exit Switch(config-pmap-qos)# class type qos TC5 Switch(config-pmap-qos-c)# set traffic-class 5 Switch(config-pmap-qos-c)# exit Switch(config-pmap-qos)# exit 6. Application strategy to interface: Apply the QoS policy to the actual network interface to ensure that data flows are processed in accordance with predetermined priorities as they pass through the switch: Switch(config)# interface vlan1 Switch(config-if)# service-policy type qos input dante_policy With these configurations, the switch can properly handle Dante audio streams, ensuring low latency and high-priority transmission of audio data. Here is the full configuration file Dante-config Switch configuration in ST-2110 environment Objective: ST-2110 is a standard protocol for uncompressed transmission of audio and video streams, widely used in broadcasting and other high-performance video applications. Its biggest feature is that it divides audio and video signals into multiple streams for transmission over IP networks, improving flexibility and bandwidth utilization. Key requirements: 1. IGMP and PTP protocols: The ST-2110 requires IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) to enable multicast management and PTP (Precision Time Protocol) for device time synchronization. 2 .SDP protocol： The ST-2110 protocol also uses SDP (Session Description Protocol) to describe the media parameters of the stream (e.g., sampling rate, resolution, etc.) to ensure that devices can negotiate and exchange data. ST-2110 Switch Configuration The ST-2110 switch configuration involves multiple aspects, including multicast configuration (IGMP), clock synchronization (PTP), and media stream transmission configuration (RTP). The following are the key steps for ST-2110 switch configuration: 1. Configure IGMP： Switch(config)# ip igmp snooping version 3 Switch(config)# inter vlan1 Switch(config-if)# ip igmp version 3 Switch(config-if)# 2. Configure PTP clock synchronization: Clock synchronization is critical in ST-2110 networks. To synchronize the time of network devices through the IEEE1588 protocol, the following steps are taken to configure PTP: Switch(config)# ptp device-type bc Switch(config)# ptp network-transport udp Switch(config)# ptp udp-ipaddr 192.168.1.1 Switch(config)# ptp clock-step one-step Switch(config)# ptp domain 127 Switch(config)# interface eth-0-24 Switch(config-if)# ptp enable Switch(config-if)# ptp announce-interval -3 Switch(config-if)# exit Switch(config)# ptp start Troubleshooting 1. PTP synchronization failure: When configuring PTP, if the negotiation fails, first check whether the encapsulation mode and configuration parameters of the device are consistent. ST-2110 devices and switches may use different encapsulation modes or synchronization frequencies by default, so ensure that the two are matched. 2 . IGMP version mismatch: Ensure that all switches and endpoints use the same IGMP version. ST-2110 recommends IGMPv3, but many switches may use IGMPv2 by default, resulting in multicast traffic not being transmitted properly. By following the detailed configuration instructions above, you can ensure that Dante and ST-2110 protocols run stably and efficiently in your AV over IP network to meet the requirements of high-quality and low-latency audio and video transmission.

30-10-2025 - For details, please click the attachment icon below to view or download for a good reading experience or resources.

S3950 and S5800 and S5850 and S8050 and S8550 Series Switches Web Management Guide

27-09-2025 - For details, please click the attachment icon below to view or download for a good reading experience or resources.

06-09-2025 - For details, please click the attachment icon below to view or download for a good reading experience or resources.

Common Troubleshooting Guide for FS Switches

06-09-2025 - For details, please click the attachment icon below to view or download for a good reading experience or resources.

05-09-2025 - Product overview FS S8550 Series Routing Switches are designed on a domestic high-performance Switch Chip, competently meets the requirements of Metro, Enterprise, Data Center, and Hyper-converged infrastructure (HCl) network. S8550-6Q2C is a high-performance switch with 6x 40Gb QSFP+, and 2x 100Gb QSFP28 in a compact 1U form factor. The switch comes with complete system software with comprehensive protocols and applications to facilitate the rapid service deployment and management for traditional Layer 2 and Layer 3 networks. It is packed with hot-swappable power supply and hot-swappable smart fans for superior processing performance and network reliability. Supporting advanced features, including MLAG, VXLAN, QoS, ISIS, VRRP, GRE, MPLS, etc., this switch meets data center TOR, enterprise network core, campus network convergence, E-sports core, storage network and HCI (Hyper-Converged Infrastructure) network requirements. The S8550-32C 32-port 100Gb Ethernet layer 3 switch is a high-performance switch in a compact 1U form factor. The switch comes with complete system software, comprehensive protocols, and applications to facilitate the rapid service deployment and management for traditional Layer 2 and Layer 3 networks. It is packed with redundant hot-swappable power supplies, and 3+1 hot-swappable smart fans for superior processing performance and network reliability. Supporting advanced features, including MLAG, VXLAN, IPv4/IPv6, QOS, ISIS, VRRP, GRE, MPLS, etc., this switch meets next-generation Metro and HCI (Hyper-Converged Infrastructure) networks, and it is also ideal for the traditional or fully virtualized data center. S8550-16Q8C is a high-performance switch with 16x 40Gb QSFP+ and 8x 100Gb QSFP28 ports, which makes it well-suited for spine-leaf architecture. The switch comes with complete system software, comprehensive protocols and applications to facilitate the rapid service deployment and management for traditional Layer 2 and Layer 3 networks. Supporting advanced features, including MLAG, VXLAN, IPv4/IPv6, SFLOW, SNMP, etc., this switch meets the next-generation Metro and enterprise network requirements, and it is also ideal for traditional or fully virtualized data centers. Product highlights Support MLAG (Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation) for Networking Reliability 1+1 Hot-swappable Power Supplies, Smart Fans Support G.8031, G.8032, Ethernet OAM, MPLS, VPLS, VPWS, L3VPN Support OSPF/OSPFv3, BGP4/BGP4+, ISIS, BFD Support CLI/WEB/JSON-RPC and OVSDB for Flexible Operation Supports EVPN-VXLAN, PFC, and ECN for Cutting-edge Data Center Technologies Support SSH, ACL, AAA, 802.1X, RADIUS, TACACS+, etc. for Security IPv4/IPv6 Dual-Stack and Tunnel for Future Network Expansion Support IEEE 1588v2 Precision Time Protocol TC and BC Mode (Only for S8550-32C-PE / S8550-32C / S8550-16Q8C ) Platform details Platform benefits Software requirements Product specifications Quality certification At FS, our Quality Commitment lies in all aspects of processes, resources, and methods that enable us to build superior networks for our customers. Through a quality policy focusing on continuous improvement of products and services, we're able to achieve the highest levels of satisfaction for our customers. To that end, every FS employee is accountable for contributing to the value of the products and services we deliver. Figures 4 shows some of the authoritative certifications obtained by FS S8550 Series Switches. Warranty, service and support FS S8550 Series Switches enjoy 5 years limited warranty against defects in materials or workmanship. For more information for FS Returns & Refunds policy, visit https://www.fs.com/policies/warranty.html or https://www.fs.com/policies/day_return_policy.html FS provides a personal account manager, free professional technical support, and 24/7 live customer service to each customer.support.html Professional Lab: Test each product with the latest and advanced networking equipment. Free Technical Support: Provide free & tailored solutions and services for your businesses. 80% Same-day Shipping: Immediate shipping for in-stock items. Fast Response: Direct and immediate assistance from an expert. For more information, visit https://www.fs.com/service/fs_support.html Ordering information Additional information For more information about the S8550 Series Switches, contact your account manager or visit https://www.fs.com/search_result?keyword=S8550 Document history

08-08-2025 - Safety Precautions for FS Switches Mainly Applicable to FS Commercial Switches Preface Audience This document is for network engineers responsible for installing and maintaining FS switches. Experience with network equipment installation and maintenance is required. 1 Precautions for Safe Use 1.1 General Safety Keep the chassis clean and dust-free. Do not place the equipment in walking areas. Do not wear loose clothes, ornaments, or any other things that may be hooked by the chassis during installation and maintenance. Cut off all power supplies and unplug all power cords before installing or dismantling the chassis. Prevent the switch from being frequently handled. Cut off all power supplies and unplug all power cords before moving or handling the switch. Keep balance and prevent personal injuries when handling the switch. Do not hold the handle of the power module or the fan module when moving the switch. Otherwise, it may cause equipment damage or even personal injury. Remove the fan modules and the power modules before handling the equipment. Install the equipment where it is not likely to be moved. 1.2 Installation Environment Requirements FS switches (excluding industrial ethernet switches) must be installed indoors. In order to ensure normal operation and prolonged service life, the installation site must meet the following requirements. 1.2.1 Cabinet Installation Before installing the FS switches in a cabinet, make sure that the cabinet meets the following requirements: Install the switch in an open cabinet. If the switch is installed in a closed area, ensure that it has a good ventilation system. Confirm that the cabinet is sturdy enough to support the weight of the FS switches and accessories. Maintain a clearance around the chassis in the cabinet for heat dissipation. The cabinet is properly grounded. 1.2.2 Ventilation Keep a minimum clearance of 200mm (7.87 in.) around the FS switches for air circulation. After various cables are connected, bundle the cables or route them over the cable management bracket to avoid blocking air inlets. 1.2.3 Temperature and Humidity To ensure the normal operation and prolonged service life of the FS switches, maintain an appropriate temperature and humidity in the equipment room. The equipment room with too high or too low temperature and humidity for a long time may damage the switches. In an environment with high relative humidity, the insulating material may have poor insulation or even leak electricity. Sometimes also prone to changes in the mechanical properties of materials, metal parts rust and other phenomena. In an environment with low relative humidity, static electricity is prone to occur and damage the internal circuits of the equipment. Too high temperatures can accelerate the aging of insulation materials, greatly reducing the reliability of the switch and severely affecting its service life. The ambient temperature and humidity of the equipment are measured at the point that is 1.5m (59.06 in.) above the floor and 0.4m (15.75 in.) before the rack when there is no protective plate in the front or at the back of the rack. 1.3 Electrical Safety 1.3.1 Grounding A proper grounding system is the basis for stable and reliable operation of FS switches and is indispensable for preventing lightning strikes and resisting interference. Carefully check the grounding conditions at the installation site according to the grounding specifications, and complete grounding properly based on the actual situation. Safety Grounding The switch using AC or high-voltage DC power supply must be grounded by using the green and yellow grounding cable. Otherwise, when the high voltage circuit inside the switch has a grounding fault, an electric shock may occur. The building should provide a protective ground connection to ensure that switches are connected to the protective ground. Lightning Grounding The lightning protection system of the facility is a separate system consisting of a lightning rod, a lower conductor and a connector connected to the grounding system. This grounding system is usually shared with the ground used as the power supply reference ground and the yellow-green safety ground. Lightning discharge grounding is only for facilities, equipment does not have this requirement. For lightning protection, see Requirements for Lightning Proof Grounding. EMC Grounding Grounding requirements for EMC design purposes include: shield grounding, filter grounding, noise and interference suppression, and level referencing. These form the combined grounding requirements. Grounding resistance is required to be less than 1 Ω. There is one ground terminal on the back of the FS switch chassis, which is indicated by a conspicuous warning label. Figure 1 EMC Grounding image.png 1.4 Battery Safety 1.4.1 Basic Requirements Observe local regulations and specifications during electrical operations. Only personnel with relevant qualifications can perform such operations. Check whether there are potential risks in the work area. For example, check whether the power supply is grounded, whether the grounding is reliable, and whether the ground is wet. Learn about the position of the indoor emergency power switch before installation. Cut off all power when an accident occurs. Do not maintain the equipment that is powered-on alone. Check the equipment carefully before shutting down the power supply. Do not place the equipment in a wet position, and keep the chassis away from liquid. Irregular and incorrect electrical operation may cause accidents such as fire or electric shock, and lead to serious and fatal injuries to the human body and equipment. Direct or indirect contact with high voltage and mains electricity through wet objects may pose a fatal risk. If the FS switch system has more than one input power source, be sure to disconnect all power cords before shutting down the system. If a power supply system is equipped with a leakage protector (also referred to as "leakage current switch" or "leakage current breaker"), the rated leakage action current of each leakage protector is greater than twice of the theoretical maximum leakage current of all the power supplies in the system (For example, if a system is equipped with 16 identical power supplies, the leakage current of each power supply is equal to or less than 1.75mA, and the leakage current of the system totals 28mA. A leakage protector with 30 mA rated action current supports less than 9 power supplies (that is, Action current of the leakage protector/2/Maximum leakage current of each power supply = 30/2/1.75 ≈8.57). In other words, the leakage protector with 30mA rated action current supports no more than 8 power supplies. In this case, the 16 power supplies in the system require at least two leakage protectors with 30mA rated action current and each leakage protector supports 8 power supplies). If power supplies in a system differ in models, the rated leakage action current of each leakage protector divided by two is greater than the sum of maximum leakage currents of all the power supplies. The rated leakage non-action current of a leakage protector shall be 50% of the leakage action current (Take a leakage protector with 30mA rated leakage action current as an example. The rated leakage non-action current shall be 15mA. When the leakage current is below 15mA, the protector shall not act. Otherwise, misoperation may easily occur due to high sensitivity and thus the leakage protector trips, devices are powered off, and services are interrupted). To guarantee personal safety, the rated leakage action current of each leakage protector in the system must be equal to or less than 30mA (human body safety current is 30mA). When twice of the total leakage current of the system is greater than 30mA, the system must be equipped with two or more leakage protectors. 1.4.2 Requirements for Rechargeable Batteries If a rechargeable battery is used, pay attention to the following precautions: If discoloration, deformation, overheating, or any other abnormality occurs, replace the battery before continuing with usage, charging or storage. Tighten battery cables or copper bars using the torque specified in the battery documentation. Insecure connection of battery bolts may cause excessive voltage drop or even overcurrent leading to battery overheating. If the battery temperature exceeds 60°C (140 °F), check for and promptly handle any leakage. If the electrolyte overflows, take proper measures promptly. When removing or moving the battery with spilled electrolyte, be careful with the electrolyte that can cause potential injury. If any electrolyte spills, use NaHCO(3) or Na(2)CO(3) to neutralize and absorb it. After batteries are installed, ensure that the fuse or circuit breaker is disconnected before powering the system. This avoids battery damage caused by power discharge in case of long-term power-off. Improper usage of lead-acid batteries will cause the release of flammable gas. Ensure that batteries are kept in a well-ventilated area and take preventive measures against fire. The battery should not be exposed to high temperature environments or around heat generating equipment such as sunlight, heaters, microwave ovens, ovens or water heaters. Battery overheating may cause an explosion. 1.4.3 Requirements for Non-Rechargeable Batteries If the equipment uses a dry battery or non-rechargeable lithium battery, consider the following: If discoloration, deformation, overheating, or any other abnormality occurs, replace the battery before continuing with usage or storage. Do not attempt to replace non-removable, built-in batteries. Doing so may damage the batteries or the equipment. Batteries must be replaced by an authorized service center. Do not throw the battery into the fire. Otherwise, the battery will catch fire and explode. 1.5 Radiation Safety 1.5.1 Electromagnetic Field Exposure Various interference sources, whether from outside the equipment or application system, or from within, are capacitive coupling, inductive coupling, electromagnetic wave radiation and other conductive ways to produce effects on the equipment. Electromagnetic interference is divided into two categories: radiation interference and conducted interference, which is determined by the type of propagation path. When the energy emitted by a device, usually RF energy, reaches a sensitive device through space, it is called radiated interference. The interference source can be both a part of the interfered system and a completely electrically isolated unit. Conducted interference results from the electromagnetic wire or signal cable connection between the source and the sensitive component, along the cable the interference conducts from one unit to another. Conducted interference often affects the power supply of the equipment, but can be controlled by a filter. Radiated interference may affect any signal path in the equipment, and is difficult to shield. Take effective measures for the power system to prevent interference from the electric grid. Keep the running position of the switch as far as possible from the grounding device of the power equipment or the anti-lightning grounding device. Keep the device away from high-power radio transmitters, radar transmitting station, and high-frequency large-current device. Take measures to isolate static electricity. 1.5.2 Laser Safety Among the modules supported by the FS switches, many optical transceivers are Class I laser products. Precautions: When an optical transceiver works, ensure that the port has been connected with a fiber or covered by a dust cap to keep out dust and prevent it from burning your eyes. Do not look into any optical port. Do not approach or stare at any fiber port under any circumstances, as this may cause permanent damage to your eyes. 1.6 Hardware Maintenance 1.6.1 Expansion Modules Maintenance In the event of a failure and the need to replace an expansion module, the expansion module must be installed and disassembled in accordance with the instructions for operation. 1.6.2 Cooling System Maintenance If a fan module fails, an alarm will be generated. Replace the faulty fan module. Tighten the captive screws. 1.6.3 Power Supply Maintenance When a power module is faulty, unplug the power cord, replace the power module, and plug the power cord again. 1.6.4 Replacing Lithium Battery The built-in lithium batteries can support the real time clock of the FS switches without external power supply. To replace lithium batteries, please contact FS technical support personnel. The technical support personnel will select lithium batteries of the same specifications for replacement. 1.6.5 Replacing Fuses To replace fuses, please contact FS technical support personnel. The technical support personnel will select fuses of the same specifications for replacement. 2 Environmental Requirements for Device Operation 2.1 Environmental Requirements for an Equipment Room Ensure that the installation environment complies with equipment specifications, including voltage, temperature, humidity, altitude, degree of pollution, overvoltage category, and waterproofing and dustproofing classification. Avoid flammable, explosive gas or smog environments. Keep the installation site free of acidic, alkaline or other corrosive gases. Keep the equipment away from sources of heat or fire, such as the electric heater, microwave oven, oven, water heater, fireplace, candle or other heat generators. Heat may cause the equipment to catch fire or its housing to melt. Do not obscure or cover running equipment with flammable materials such as paper or fabric. This hampers heat dissipation and can cause the equipment to catch fire or its housing to melt. This equipment (or system) must be installed or used in restricted areas. Do not block air vents when the equipment is running. Maintain air vents away from the wall or other objects as required in the operation guide. 2.2.1 Requirements for Selecting a Site for an Equipment Room Communication equipment should be in a good operating environment. When designing a project, consider the communication network planning and technical requirements of the equipment. Also consider hydrographic, geological, seismic, power supply, and transportation factors. Construction, structure, heating and ventilation, power supply, lighting and fire-proof construction of the equipment room should be designed by specialized construction designers to suit the environmental requirements of devices. The equipment room should also follow local regulations concerning the industrial construction, environmental protection, fire safety, and civil air defense. Construction must conform to government standards, regulations, and other requirements. The equipment room should be located in a place free from high temperature, dust, toxic gases, explosive materials, or unstable voltage. Keep the equipment room away from significant vibrations or loud noises, as well as power transformer stations. The specific requirements for selecting a site for an equipment room are as follows: The equipment room should be at least 5 km away from heavy pollution sources, such as the smelter works, coal mine, and thermal power plant. The equipment room should be at least 3.7 km away from medium pollution sources, such as the chemical factory, rubber factory, and electroplating factory. The equipment room should be at least 2 km away from light pollution sources, such as the food factory and leather plant. If these pollution sources are unavoidable, the equipment room should be located on the windward side of the pollution sources perennially with advanced protection. Do not build the equipment room in the proximity of livestock farms. Otherwise, the equipment room should be located on the windward side of the pollution source perennially. The previous livestock house or fertilizer warehouse couldn't be used as the equipment room. The equipment room should be away from the residential area. Otherwise, the equipment room should meet the construction standard in terms of noise. Keep the door and the window closed to make the equipment room sealed. The steel door is recommended for soundproofing. Make sure there are no cracks or holes on the wall and floor. If there are cable entries on the wall or window, take proper sealing measures. Ensure that the wall is flat, wear-resistant, and dust-free, which should be up to the standard for flame retarding, soundproofing, heat absorption, dust reduction, and electromagnetic shielding. Make sure that the air vents of the equipment room are away from the sewage pipe, septic tank, and sewage treatment tank. Keep the equipment room under positive pressure to prevent corrosive gas from entering the equipment room to corrode components and PCBs. Keep the equipment room away from industrial boilers and heating boilers. The equipment room had better be on the second floor or above. Otherwise, the equipment room floor should be 600mm higher than the highest flood level ever recorded. The equipment room should be at least 3.7 km away from the sea or salt lake. Otherwise, the equipment room must be sealed, with air conditioner installed for temperature control. Saline soil can not be used for construction. Otherwise, you should select devices with advanced protection against severe environments. The equipment room should be firm enough to withstand severe weather conditions such as wind storms and heavy rain as well as away from dust. If dust is unavoidable, keep the door and window away from the pollution source. Keep the air conditioner from blowing wind straight toward the equipment or blowing water drops from the window or air vent toward the equipment. Sulfur-containing materials are forbidden. 2.1.2 Equipment Room Layout An equipment room usually contains mobile switching equipment, telecommunications equipment, power supply equipment, and other auxiliary equipment. To ensure easy maintenance and management, place the equipment in different rooms. Figure 2 shows the layout of the equipment room. Figure 2 Layout of the Equipment Room image.png The general layout principles of the equipment room are as follows: It should meet requirements for laying out and maintaining communication cables and power cables. It should reduce the cabling distance, which facilitates cable maintenance, reduces potential communication faults, and maximizes efficiency. 2.1.3 Construction Requirements for the Equipment Room Table 1 describes the construction requirements for the equipment room. Figure 3 Internal Partition Wall Inside the Equipment Room image.png 2.1.4 Equipment Room Environment Dust on devices may cause electrostatic discharge and result in poor contact for connectors or metal connection points. This problem can shorten the life span of devices and cause faults. The equipment room must be free from explosive, conductive, magnetically-permeable, and corrosive dust. Table 2 lists the requirement for dust concentration in the equipment room. Take the following measures to meet the requirements: Use dustproof materials for ground, wall, and ceiling construction. Use screens on the door and windows facing outside. The outer windows should be dust-proof. Clean the equipment room and clean devices' air filters monthly. Wear shoe covers and ESD clothing before entering the equipment room. 2.2 Requirements for Corrosive Gases The room should be free from dusts and corrosive gases, such as SO(2), H(2)S, and NH(3). Table 3 lists the requirements for the corrosive gas concentration. Take the following measures to meet the requirements: Avoid constructing a room near a place where the corrosive gas concentration is high, such as a chemical plant. Ensure the air intake vent of the room is in the prevailing upwind direction from any pollution source. Place batteries in different rooms. A professional service should monitor the corrosive gas conditions regularly. 2.3 Requirements for ESD Prevention The absolute value of electrostatic voltage must be less than 1000V. Take the following measures to meet this requirement: Train operators about ESD prevention. Keep the correct humidity level in the equipment room to reduce the impact of static electricity. Lay out an ESD floor in equipment rooms. Wear ESD shoes and clothing before entering the equipment room. Use ESD tools, such as wrist straps, tweezers, and pullers. Ground all conductive materials in the room, including computer terminals. Use ESD worktables. Keep non-ESD materials (such as common bags, foam, and rubber) at least 30cm (11.81in.) away from boards and ESD-sensitive components. 2.4 Electromagnetism Requirements for the Equipment Room All interference sources, inside or outside the equipment room, can cause equipment problems with capacitive coupling, inductive coupling, electromagnetic wave radiation, and common impedance (including grounding system) coupling. Prevent interference using these approaches: Take effective measures against electrical interference from the power supply system. Do not use the working ground of the equipment as the same ground for surge protection. Separate them as far as possible. Keep the equipment far away from high-power radio transmitters, radar units, and high-frequency and high-current equipment. Use electromagnetic shielding if necessary. 2.5 Requirements for Lightning Proof Grounding Table 4 lists the requirements for lightning proof grounding.