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Understanding High-Speed Optical Modules: 100G QSFP28 vs SFP112

GeorgeUpdated at Feb 11th 20251 min read

QSFP28 and SFP112 are widely used optical modules in high-density data centers, computing networks, and telecommunications. The QSFP28 speed is achieved through four lanes, each operating at 25 Gbps, offering a combined total throughput of 100 Gbps. As the industry-standard, QSFP28 is favored for its efficiency and broad compatibility across various applications.
In contrast, SFP112, an enhanced version of the SFP+ form factor, supports speeds beyond traditional SFP+ capabilities, potentially reaching up to 112 Gbps. However, SFP112 lacks standardization, and its specifications can vary across different manufacturers, which may lead to compatibility and interoperability challenges.
This article provides an in-depth look at qsfp112 vs qsfp28 optical modules, helping you better understand their differences to make an informed choice.
What Are 100G QSFP28 and SFP112?
100G QSFP28 is a standardized, compact, hot-pluggable optical module designed for ultra-high-speed data transmission in high-density data centers, high-performance computing networks, and telecommunication infrastructures. It achieves 100 Gbps throughput by aggregating four lanes of 25 Gbps each, making it a mainstream choice for modern networking.
The SFP112 module, introduced by the SFP-DD MSA, is an enhanced version of the classic SFP form factor. Its optimized paddle card dimensions support 100 Gb/s PAM4 transmission (up to 56 GBd), outperforming SFP+/SFP modules. SFP112 accommodates multiple connector and cage designs—all of which are backward compatible with SFP28 and SFP+ modules—and can operate at lower speeds in existing SFP28/SFP+ hosts, ensuring a smooth upgrade path.
Comparative Analysis: 100G QSFP28 vs. SFP112
Data Transfer Rate & Bandwidth
100G QSFP28: Offers a standardized 100 Gbps throughput via four 25 Gbps lanes, widely adopted in data centers and telecom networks.
SFP112: Targets a theoretical 112 Gbps (e.g., 4×28 Gbps or single-channel), providing ~12% higher bandwidth for emerging applications like AI-driven analytics or ultra-high-speed storage. However, lack of standardization poses interoperability risks.
Architecture & Port Density
100G QSFP28: Uses a compact quad-channel design, enabling high port density (e.g., 32 ports per 1U switch) and efficient space utilization in dense environments.
SFP112: The single-channel design of SFP112 streamlines the signal path, offering a compact and efficient solution for space-constrained environments. Its smaller footprint allows for higher front-panel port density, improving deployment flexibility. However, the higher data rate comes with increased thermal and power demands, requiring effective cooling solutions and optimized power management to ensure stable and reliable operation.
Compatibility & Use Cases
100G QSFP28: Universally compatible with existing switches, routers, and NICs, supporting 40G/100G Ethernet, InfiniBand, and cloud infrastructure.
SFP112: Potentially backward-compatible with SFP+ systems, appealing for legacy upgrades or vendor-specific high-speed links. Its higher bandwidth could address future needs in edge computing or real-time analytics, though niche adoption limits broad use.
Power Efficiency
100G QSFP28: QSFP28 modules generally strive to maintain low power consumption (typically 3.5W or lower).
SFP112: The power consumption for SFP112 modules may be higher, impacting overall energy costs and cooling requirements.
Cost & Ecosystem Maturity
100G QSFP28: Benefits from economies of scale, with prices around $150–$300 (depending on transmission distance). Its mature ecosystem ensures reliability and cost-effectiveness.
SFP112: Since it has yet to achieve large-scale adoption, its early-stage pricing may be 20–30% higher or more than QSFP28. However, as standardization progresses and market acceptance increases, costs are expected to gradually decrease.
Performance & Technological Edge
100G QSFP28: Proven performance with field-tested signal integrity and flexible media support (multimode/single-mode fiber, copper).
SFP112: Theoretically leverages next-gen modulation (e.g., PAM4) and error correction for improved transmission distance and interference resistance, but unproven in real-world scenarios.
Future-Readiness
100G QSFP28: Dominates current high-speed networks but may face scalability limits as bandwidth demands grow.
SFP112: Positioned for future applications requiring >100G speeds in compact form factors, though dependent on industry adoption and technological validation.
For further comparisons, please refer to the table below.
Comparison Factor
QSFP28
SFP112
Data Transfer Rate
100Gbps (4×25G)
112Gbps (4×28G or single-channel)
Port Density
High
Moderate
Transmission Distance
Varies (SR, LR, ER, etc.)
Potential for longer reach with advanced modulation
Power Consumption
Low (≤3.5W)
Higher, requiring efficient thermal management
Connector Types
Supports SR4, LR4, DAC
Specifications may vary
Market Maturity
Mature, widely deployed
Early-stage adoption, limited ecosystem
Cost & Availability
Affordable, mass-produced
Higher cost, expected to drop
Use Cases
Data centers, enterprise, HPC
AI, edge computing, possible SFP+ compatibility
How to Choose Between 100G QSFP28 and SFP112
When selecting between 100G QSFP28 and SFP112 modules, the choice depends on various key factors such as network bandwidth, device compatibility, port density, link distance, and cost-effectiveness. Here are the crucial aspects to consider:
Bandwidth Requirements
100G QSFP28: Supports up to 100 Gbps, making it ideal for applications with high but manageable bandwidth demands.
SFP112: Designed for 112 Gbps, SFP112 is perfect for applications requiring even higher bandwidth for next-generation workloads.
Device Compatibility
QSFP28: A four-channel module, widely supported by switches, routers, and other networking equipment. Ensure your devices are compatible with this compact form factor.
SFP112: Often available in single or multi-channel configurations, and might require specific hardware support, as its size and standards could differ from those of QSFP28 or standard SFP+ modules.
Port Density
100G QSFP28: Offers high port density, making it ideal for data centers and high-performance networks where maximizing connections in limited space is essential.
SFP112:Provides moderate port density, which may be lower than QSFP28, but still suitable for applications requiring >100G speeds like AI and edge computing.
Link Distance
Both modules come in different media and distance options (e.g., SR4, LR4). For long-distance transmission, consider using single-mode fiber options, while multi-mode fiber works well for shorter distances. Always check the specific transmission distance supported by each module.
Future Network Planning
Always consider the potential for future network expansions and upgrades. Choosing a module with flexibility and scalability is important for meeting the evolving needs of your network.
If your priority is cost-efficiency, high port density, and broad industry support, the 100G QSFP28 is the go-to solution. However, if your network requires greater bandwidth and you're willing to invest in specialized hardware, SFP112 may be the ideal choice.
Conclusion
When choosing between 100G QSFP28 and SFP112 modules, the key is to balance performance, compatibility, and future scalability. Whether you favor the proven efficiency of 100G QSFP28 or pursue the high-speed potential of SFP112, achieving this balance remains essential. FS provides end-to-end optical solutions built with premium components and rigorously tested to ensure plug-and-play compatibility across multiple leading platforms. Our modules feature ultra-low power consumption, future-proof flexibility, and adherence to global standards, ensuring your network remains efficient and stable while meeting growing demands. Additionally, FS’s unique BOX adaptation technology allows users to flexibly modify module compatibility, seamlessly integrating with various brands to ensure excellent interoperability. No matter how your network requirements evolve, FS is dedicated to delivering high-quality, high-performance optical module solutions that help your network upgrade efficiently and reliably.